Karol Jan Borowiecki, Christian Møller Dahl, 02 July 2020
Black Americans have been underrepresented in the nation’s creative industries since the end of slavery. This column argues that the implications of that marginalization extend beyond career choices into homes and neighbourhoods, as cities with thriving arts sectors also lead in job creation, innovation, and trade. The authors recommend that financial support for black artists be pursued in a systematic way, with policies that provide emerging black artists with access not only to relevant artistic networks, but also to supply-related organisations such as gallerists and publishers.
Saved by the phone: Urban renewal or a new era of lawlessness?
Lena Edlund, Cecilia Machado, 27 June 2020
The urban renewal that transformed many US inner cities may have hit its first major speed bump with the outbreak of Covid-19. The ‘space versus commute’ trade-off has been thrown into doubt and confusion by work-from-home orders. This column draws on socioeconomic history, arguing that a mass exodus of skilled professionals to the suburbs could have major implications for inner city areas. Although this could spell the return to the homicidal days of the 1980s, the authors argue that this may not be the case – the reason being: cell phones and how they have impacted illicit drug retailing.
Violence in the US: Lessons from the 1965 Voting Rights Act
Jean Lacroix, 17 June 2020
Last December, the US House of Representatives passed a bill to restore some of the provisions of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, which had been nullified in a 2013 Supreme Court decision. This column exploits variation resulting from the Act’s coverage formula to show that the Act decreased violence by both pro-segregationists and anti-segregationists, particularly before elections. The passing of the Act in 1965 thus appears to offer an example from US history of enfranchisement curbing political violence.
Slavery, sugar, and the African American family structure
Graziella Bertocchi, Arcangelo Dimico, 12 June 2020
The Covid-19 outbreak and the murder of George Floyd have dramatically exposed the racial inequalities in US society. This column studies the association between the historical experience of slavery and the African American family structure. Results indicate that the extreme demographic conditions prevailing among slaves on sugar plantations in the US South may have persistently shaped African American family formation. Over the period of 1880-1940, higher sugar suitability is associated with a higher likelihood of single female headship among black households.
Trade and travel in the time of epidemics
Hans-Joachim Voth, 26 May 2020
The Covid crisis has prompted the question of how much mobility a globalised world can and should have. This column, taken from a VoxEU eBook, breaks the question down into two elements: Is a massive restriction of mobility desirable? And is it feasible at all? The free exchange of goods and capital does not have to be restricted; only very few diseases are transmitted by contaminated goods. On the other hand, while the free movement of people also contributes to the advantages of globalisation, it is far less important for production. Severe restrictions may well be desirable and justifiable, bringing to an end a half-century of ever-increasing individual mobility.
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